III. PHONETICS AND PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE
A. RECENT AUTHOR'S PUBLICATIONS AND LECTURES ON PHONETICS
1. Monographs Published on Language and Phonetics
The Comparative Phonetics of Pidgin and Creole. Pacific Linguistics Monograph. 1997.
Chinese Romanization Systems: IPA Transliteration. Sino Platonic Papers 52: 1-17. Monograph. 1994.
2. Recent Journal Articles on Language and Phonetics
1997. "The Comparative Phonetics of Chinese." Chinese Language Review No. 52, June: 50-77.
1997. "A Comparative Phonetics of Spanish. Revue de Phonétique Appliquée no 121: 1997.
1997. "Rev. of the Oxford Acoustic Phonetic Database on Compact Disk." Studies in Lang. 21, no.1: 178-186.
1996. "Review of Neal Norrick. Conversational Joking." Studies in Language 20, no. 2: 465-472.
1996. "Comparative Phonetics of Dutch." I. T. L. Review of Applied Linguistics vol. 111-112: 119-154.
1996. "Review of 21st Century Guide to Pronunciation." Studies in Language 20, no. 1: 709-715.
1996. "Review of Attardo Linguistic Theories of Humor 1994." Studies in Language 20: 465-472.
1995. "The Comparative Phonetics of English and Its Dialects." RASK: tidsskrift for sprog 3: 37-92.
1995. "Received Pronunciation and Realphonetik." World Englishes 14, no. 3 (1995): 357-376.
1995. "Comparative Phonetics of German: Realphonetik." Wirkendes Wort 45, no. 1 (1995): 167-198.
1995. "The Association Theory of Meaning." Indian Phil. Quarterly 22, no. 2 (April 1995): 115-122.
1995. "Comparative Phonetics of Slavic Languages. Contrastive Linguistics 20, no. 2: 5-22.
1995. "Phonetics of Standard Brit. Pronunciation: RP English&emdash;A Pseudo Concept?" RASK v. 2: 51-89.
1995. "Polar Plosives." Grazer Linguistische Studien 43 (1995): 105-115.
1995. "Review of Interlanguage Pragmatics." Studies in Language 19, no. 2: 548-552.
1994. "Comparative Phonetics of French: Realphonetik." Revue de Phonétique Appliquée no. 110: 53-85.
1994. "Comparative Phonetics of Italian." Italica (Assoc. of Italian Teachers) 71, no. 4 (1994): 548-566.
1994. "Comparative Phonetics of Italian Dialects." Quaderni Patavini di Linguistica 13 (1994): 89-144.
1994. "Fonetik bandingan bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Melayu" (Written in Malay: "A Comparative Phonetics of Indonesian and Malay.") Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka 1060-1072.
1994. "The Phantom Schwa: A Pseudo-Symbol." Grazer Linguistische Studien 42: 79-97.
1994. A Modified IPA Phonetics of Hindi and Bengali. Language Forum 20, no. 1-2: 157-179.
1994. "Phonetic Simultaneity." Grazer Linguistische Studien 41: 53-66.
1994. "Symbol Equivalence in Phonetics." Grazer Linguistische Studien 41: 67-79.
1994. "Standard Articulation Diagram." Word: J. of International Linguistic Assoc. 45, no. 2: 177-178.
1993. "Silent Sounds." Revue de Phonetique 108-109: 285-296.
1993. "Analysis of a Standard Phonetic Articulation Diagram." Papiere zur Linguistik 48, no. 1: 88-93.
1993. "The Phonetics of African Clicks." Phonetica Francofortensia vol. 7: 153-165.
1993. "An Expanded IPA Vowel Chart." Phonetica Francofortensia vol. 6: 71-92.
1992. "Spanish Phonetics" Lenguaje y Ciencias Part I in vol. 32, no. 2: 34-52, and Part II, 3, no. 1: 1-25.
1992. "Verbal Abuse: An Analysis." Papiere zur Linguistik 46, no.1: 30-44.
1992. "Comprehesive Bibliography of Schimpfwort Dictionaries." Papiere zur Linguistik 46, no.1: 45-48.
1992. Book Notice. "Zóltan Kövecses Emotion Concepts." Studies in Language 16, no.1: 255-261.
1991. Book Notice. "Jean Lecercle. The Violence of Language." Studies in Language 15 (2) 504-506.
1990. "German Emotive Reflexives." Papiere zur Linguistik 43, no. 2: 159-165.
1990. "An Analysis of German Emotive Reflexives." Grazer Linguistische Studien 33/34: 297-311.
1989. "An Analysis of German Emotive Interjections." Papiere zur Linguistik 40, no.1: 71-81.
1989. "How German Vocabulary Pictures Emotion." British J. of Language Teaching 27, no. 3: 137-141.
1989. "Blame and the German Subjunctive." Grazer Linguistische Studien 31: 121-128.
1989. "Rev. of W. Harris Interpretive Acts: In Search of Meaning." Studies in Lang. 13, no.1: 195-244.
1989. "On Particles in English and German." Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerik. 37, no. 3: 241-245.
3. Papers Read At Professional Meetings on Language and Phonetics
April 18-19, 1997. "Metaphor, Music, Humor and Emotion." Harvard University.
Nov. 8-11, 1996. "The Phonetics vs. Phonemics Controversy," and "The Phonetics of Standard British Pronunciation: RP English&emdash;A Pseudo Concept?" "University of California-Irvine.
Oct. 23, 1996. "Comparative Phonetics of Frisian and Its Dialects." Fryske Filologekongres, Netherlands.
Jan. 10, 1996. "A Standard Expanded IPA Phonetic Vowel Chart," Department of Phonetics, Univ. College, University of London.
Nov. 23, 1995. "The Comparative Phonetics of English and Its Dialects." University of Edinburgh.
Oct. 25, 1993. "An Extended IPA Vowel Chart." Linguistics Colloq., Univ. of Wisconsin -Milwaukee.
April 26, 1990. "Wittgenstein on Language and Emotion." Universität Basel.
May 8, 1990. "The Feminist Metaphoric." University of Leiden (2 hours).
August 13-20, 1989. "Wittgenstein's Language Game Theory." Int'l Wittgenstein Symposium. Austria.
June 29, 1988. "Joie de vivre." (In French) Université de Paris-lV; Université de Paris Vlll.
B. PHONETICS OF THE WORLD'S LANGUAGES: A COMPARATIVE IPA ANALYSIS AND TRANSCRIPTION: Table of Contents (Manuscript now being considered for publication.)
PART I. PHONETIC THEORY (Part I total pages: 132)
(Page counts given after each chapter. Totals by each section.)
PREFACE: SUMMARY ABSTRACTS OF CHAPTERS (5)
CHAPTER 1. IPA PHONETICS: TOWARD A STANDARD IPA TRANSCRIPTION: INTRODUCTION (11)
I. Methodology: The Science of Phonetics
1. General Philosophical Approach
2. Philosophy of Perception
3. Philosophy of Language
4. Meaning and Mentalism
5. The Case Method: Realphonetik
6. The Metaphorical Method
7. Emotive Expression
II. General Resources in Phonetics
III. Levels of Analysis
1. Phonetic Description and Transcription According to the Literature.
2. Comparison of Various Phonetic Transcriptions.
3. Critique of The Descriptions and Transcriptions.
4. A Standard Articulation Diagram and Description.
5. An Extended IPA Vowel Chart and Analysis.
6. Standard Set of Phonetic Symbols Based on the IPA.
7. Dictionary of Word Pronunciations (Realphonetik).
8. Defense of the IPA.
9. Various Languages Compared.
10. Resources.
IV. Purpose and Audience
V. Errors
1. Mechanical Errors
2. Contextual Errors
3. The Illusion of a Perfect Standard Pronunciation
4. Theoretical Errors
5. Common Errors
Bibliography
CHAPTER 2. AN EXTENDED IPA VOWEL CHART (14)
I. Introduction
II. Symbols and Abbreviations.
Chart 1. 1989/1996 Kiel Vowel Chart
Chart 2. Extended IPA-S Vowel Chart
III. Key Words for the Extended Vowel Chart
1. English Key Words
2. Examples of Selected Rounded, Close, and Central Vowels
IV. Explanation of the IPA-S Extended Vowel Chart
V. Other Vowel Features
Bibliography
Chart 3. IPA-1996 Consonant and Vowel Chart
CHAPTER 3. A STANDARD PHONETIC ARTICULATION DIAGRAM (6)
I. Introduction
Chart I. Articulation Diagram
II. Discussion
Bibliography
CHAPTER 4. THE STANDARDIZATION OF PHONETIC IPA SYMBOLS: A PRACTICAL CRITIQUE (11)
I. Introduction
II. Symbols and Abbreviations
III. A Critique and Standardization of Select Symbols
IV. Gaps in the IPA (1996) Chart
V. Brief Descriptions of Lesser Used Symbols
Bibliography
CHAPTER 5. THE PHONETICS VS. PHONEMICS CONTROVERSY: A CRITIQUE AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE (24)
I. Introduction
II. Phonetics
III. The Phoneme As a Unit of Meaning
IV. Mental Phonology
V. Thinking As Language
VI. Phonemes As Ideal Abstractions
VII. Phonemic Calculus
VIII. Phonemic Rules
IX. Phonemes Are Not Phonetic
X. Phonetics As the Basis of Phonology
XI. Are Phonemes Useful?
XII. Holistic Phonetics
A. Segmental Atomism
B. Semantic Exclusion
C. Cognitive Implicatures
D. Evaluative Implicatures
E. Emotive Implicatives
XIII. Summary
Bibliography
CHAPTER 6. THE PHANTOM SCHWA: A PSEUDO SYMBOL (15)
I. The Theoretical Aspect
A. Introduction
B. The Schwa Is Generic
C. The Schwa Lacks Location
D. The Schwa Has No Shape
E. Other Central Generic Vowels
F. Stress Is Not a Feature
II. The Practical Aspect: Actual Transcription
A. Introduction
B. Examples from the Various Languages
Bibliography
CHAPTER 7. UNVOICED ASPIRATED VS. VOICED UNASPIRATED POLAR PLOSIVES: A CRITIQUE OF SOME THEORIES (12)
I. Introduction
II. Voice&endash;Voiceless Theory
III. Aspiration Theory
IV. The Plosive Theory
V. Duration Theory
VI. Nonsegmental Vowel Theory
VII. Lenis&endash;Fortis Theory: Force
VIII. Equivalents
IX. Equivalents and Similarities for Alternate Transcriptions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 8. SILENT SOUNDS (9)
I. Introduction
II. Sound Waves: A Contradiction in Terms
III. Silent Articulation
IV. Symbols of Silence
V. Theoretical and Prescribed sounds
VI. Phonemes as Silent Sounds
VII. Generic Schwa and /R/
VIII. Symbolic Reconstruction
IX. Orthographic Silence
X. Dropped Sounds
XII. Vanishing Sounds
Bibliography
CHAPTER 9. PHONETIC SIMULTANEITY (12)
I. Introduction
II. Types of Simultaneity
A. Simultaneity in Articulation or Coarticulation.
B. Physical Acoustic Simultaneity
C. Pseudo Simultaneity
D. Phenomenal Coalescence
E. Sequential Simultaneity
F. Symbolic Simultaneity
G. Reflexive Simultaneity
H. Tautology or Equivalence
I. Prosodic Simultaneity
III. Application: Simultaneity in Transcription
A. The Literature
B. Simultaneity in IPA-S Transcription
Bibliography
CHAPTER 10. SYMBOL EQUIVALENCE IN PHONETICS (13)
I. Types of Equivalence
A. Stipulation
B. Tautology or Identity
C. Circularity
D. Begging the Question
E. Synthetic Statement
F. Descriptive Equivalence
II. Symbol Equivalence
A. Vowels
B. Mid&endash;Central Vowels
C. Consonants
Bibliography
PART II. LANGUAGES PHONETICALLY ANALYZED AND TRANSCRIBED:
A COMPARATIVE IPA ANALYSIS
Many of the chapters have been published in linguistics journals.
(Part II total pages: 825)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION (2)
A. IPA and Non-IPA Symbolisms
B. A Phonetic Analysis and Dictionaries of Key Words of Each Language
C. The Illusion of a Perfect Standard Pronunciation.
II. CHARTS AND SYMBOLS (4)
A. Key Phonetic Symbols, Articulation and Vowel Charts.
B. 1996 International Phonetic Alphabet Chart.
III. LANGUAGES
African Languages (20)
Part I. African Languages: Ga, Hausa, Igbo, North Sotho, South Sotho, Swahili, Tswana, Xhosa, !Xu), Zulu
Part II. African Clicks: Zulu, Xhosa, !Xu)
Part III. Appendix. IPA-S Comparative Transcription of African Languages
Albanian (2)
American Indian (4)
Lakhota
Lenape
Navajo
Arabic and Selected Dialects (20)
Armenian (7)
Basque (3)
Burmese (5)
Cambodian (5)
Catalan (5)
Chinese Romanizations (17)
Chinese and Selected Dialects (25)
Chinese Mandarin
Cantonese
Taiwanese
Danish (10)
Dutch and Its Dialects (29)
English and Its Dialects (84)
Standard British Pronunciation: RP
Comparison of Standard English Phonetics
English Dialects (Incl. Old & Middle
English)
Eastern Languages Comparative Phonetic Dictionary (7)
Estonian (12)
Finnish (12)
French and Its Dialects (19)
Frisian and Its Dialects (41)
Gaelic Languages and Dialects (63)
Breton
Cornish
Irish
Manx
Scots Gaelic
German and Its Dialects (28)
Greek (15)
Hawaiian (3)
Hebrew (6)
Hmong (5)
Hungarian (10)
Icelandic and Its Dialects (14)
India Languages: Bengali, Hindi, Nepali, Punjabi, Tamil, Urdu (33)
Indonesian & Malay (11)
Italian and Its Dialects (31)
Japanese (27)
Korean (5)
Kurdish (3)
Lao (4)
Latvian (3)
Lithuanian (3)
Norwegian (Bokmål & Nynorsk) (15)
Pidgin & Creole (Cameroon, Nigerian and Jamaican Pidgin, Krio, Tok Pisin, Trinidad) (14)
Polish (9)
Portuguese (5)
Romanian (6)
Rumantsch and Its Dialects (11)
Russian and the Slavic Languages (25)
Slavic Languages Compared
Bulgarian
Czech
Georgian
Serbo-Croatian
Slovenian
Ukrainian
Spanish and Its Dialects (32)
Swedish and Its Dialects (25)
Swiss German and its Dialects (31)
Tagalog (3)
Thai (3)
Tibetan (8)
Turkish (6)
Vietnamese (15)
Welsh and Its Dialects (23)
Bibliography of Author (3)
(Total pages in Part II: 825)
APPENDIX I (167 total pages)
GERMAN DIALECTS
I. Introduction to German Dialects
A. Standard German vs. Dialects
B. The Valuation of Dialects
C. What is a Dialect?
D. Orthography vs. IPA Symbolism
E. Classification of German Dialects
F. Notes and Symbols
II. German Dialects:
1. Alemannic (13)
2. Bavarian and Austrian Dialects (33)
3. Belgian German Dialects (1)
4. Cologne and Rhine Dialects (10)
5. East Low German (Berlin) (3)
6. Various German Dialects Compared (30)
7. German and Frisian Orthographies Compared (3)
8. Hessian (4)
9. Low German: Plattdeutsch (17)
10. Luxembourg Dialects (5)
11. Pennsylvania Dutch (2)
13. Isolated Dialects: Sprachinseln (6)
14. Swabian (6)
15. Dialect Vowels and Consonants Compared with High German (11)
German Dialect Bibliography (20)
APPENDIX II (70 total pages)
COMPARATIVE SWISS DIALECT CHARTS:
1. City Bern Dialect (Berndeutsch) Compared to High German
2. Canton Bern: Emmental
3. Canton Bern: Emmental
4. Canton Bern: Emmental
5. Canton Bern: Emmental, Grindelwald, Gsteigwiler
6. Canton Bern: Brienz, Interlaken, Thun, Twann
7. Canton Bern: Frutigten, Simmental
8. Canton Bern: Brienz, Saanen
9. Wallis (Valais), Zug, Zürich
10. Cantons: Aargau, Davos, Graubunden, Uri, Zug
11. Cantons: Graubunden, Obwalden
12. Cantons: Aargau, Lucern, Uri
13. Baselland, Solothurn, Thurgau
14. Aargau, Solothurn, Graubunden
15. Aargau, Appenzell, Liechtenstein
16. Swiss Glarus and New Glarus, USA, Bern (Jura-Baselland), Zürich
17. Glarus (Switzerland) and New Glarus (USA)